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Author: torontoai

[D] Should conferences have a policy for papers that clearly have harmful applications?

This paper I saw today on “inferring crowd density from a moving drone camera especially when perspective effects are strong” will appear in IROS, and it seems like it cannot possibly be used for good or even other related problems. I have also seen similar papers for mass surveillance with drones in the proceedings of a few top-tier CV conferences, and I’m sure there are many similar cases that you all have seen.

Should these conferences be held accountable for publishing papers with inevitably harmful applications?

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Sounds like automatically categorize product description into its respective category (multi-class…

Sounds like automatically categorize product description into its respective category (multi-class text classification problem). 300 classes sound too many, you may want to consolidate, or if the classes are imbalanced, you may want to take care of some more important classes first. Do you have other features, such as price or date time features, you may want to use them too.

[P] Generating New Watch Designs With StyleGAN

I recently generated some new watch designs using StyleGAN, and I thought some of you may find it interesting. All 50,000 images I used to train were sourced from the /r/watches subreddit. These are the results I was able to achieve after 48 hours of training on a GTX 980 Ti. Considering the hardware Nvidia recommends, I’m pretty happy with it!

https://evigio.com/post/generating-new-watch-designs-with-stylegan

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[D] Conditional GANs and class imbalance

I have a small and highly imbalanced low-resolution image dataset with 6 classes where 50% of the observations are from a single class. With unconditional GANs, I can get stably obtain samples with seemingly sufficient diversity under most setups (architecture, losses, etc).

In the conditional case, there is significant class leakage in the samples generated. I’ve tried various standards on class conditioning such as, (1) conditional batch norm in the generator; (2) a projective layer in the critic and; (3) increasing the batch size significantly to cover more modes in each batch. (1) and (2) seem to be helping, and (3) doesn’t appear to be helping with sample diversity and is making sample quality worse. Training is still in early stages though, so maybe things change (or modes collapse).

Are there any strategies or heuristics for conditional GANs specifically dealing with the class imbalanced case? At this point, I’m considering using balanced subsampled batches in each iteration or weighing the hinge loss by class distribution and hoping for the best.

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[R] [1903.05157] Simple Physical Adversarial Examples against End-to-End Autonomous Driving Models

arxiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.05157

Abstract:

Recent advances in machine learning, especially techniques such as deep neural networks, are promoting a range of high-stakes applications, including autonomous driving, which often relies on deep learning for perception. While deep learning for perception has been shown to be vulnerable to a host of subtle adversarial manipulations of images, end-to-end demonstrations of successful attacks, which manipulate the physical environment and result in physical consequences, are scarce. Moreover, attacks typically involve carefully constructed adversarial examples at the level of pixels. We demonstrate the first end-to-end attacks on autonomous driving in simulation, using simple physically realizable attacks: the painting of black lines on the road. These attacks target deep neural network models for end-to-end autonomous driving control. A systematic investigation shows that such attacks are surprisingly easy to engineer, and we describe scenarios (e.g., right turns) in which they are highly effective, and others that are less vulnerable (e.g., driving straight). Further, we use network deconvolution to demonstrate that the attacks succeed by inducing activation patterns similar to entirely different scenarios used in training.

Recently published my first, first-authored paper in the ML domain. Thought this would be a good place to share and talk about it.

Essentially, we answer the question: Can we paint a line on the road in a way that would confuse an autonomous vehicle?

  • so far we looked only at vision (camera) based end-to-end Imitation Learning and Reinforcement Learning models
  • wanted to bring up discussion about adversarial ML against self-driving vehicles

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[D] ELI5: GPT-2 Model Size?

So, I know that the code for GPT-2 345M is publicly released, and there are people who’ve been training GPT-2 on various things, such as magic cards, cat names, and facebook messenger posts. I guess my question is, what is preventing people from training their own 1.5B model? Heck, what does the parameters mean?

I’ve got a coding background but I’m only familiar with the basics of neural nets; only been following it because media synthesis is really fun.

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[N] Open-sourcing CraftAssist, a platform for studying collaborative AI bots in Minecraft

Hey all, we are excited to announce that we just released a framework that has the basic tools for building a collaborative assistant (that uses in-game chat) in Minecraft: https://github.com/facebookresearch/craftassist .

To encourage the wider AI research community to use the CraftAssist platform for their own experiments, we are open-sourcing the framework, as well as a baseline assistant and the tools and data we used to build it. The purpose of building such an assistant is to facilitate the study of agents that can complete tasks specified by dialogue, and eventually, to learn from dialogue interactions. The release includes sequential step-by-step data of human players building more than 2500 houses in Minecraft, semantic segmentation data for those houses, and a large-scale natural language semantic parsing data set.

You can read more about our research in the blogpost: https://ai.facebook.com/blog/craftassist-platform-for-collaborative-minecraft-bots/

We’d love to hear from you!

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Digging deep and solving problems: Well Data Labs applies machine learning to oil and gas challenges

When CEO Josh Churlik co-founded Well Data Labs in 2014, he was acutely aware of a bizarre dichotomy in his industry: For oil and gas companies, “downhole” innovation (that is, what happens underground) far exceeds the pace of data and analysis innovation. The data systems used then were relics of the 1990s – more homages to history than helpful to the people who needed them.

Like many others in the industry, Josh and the Well Data Labs team were frustrated with the inability to access information that would have made frontline engineers’ jobs much easier. While the industry plodded along with spreadsheets, Churlik and his team saw an opportunity to build a modern software company around the rapid advancements in cloud computing.

The resulting company, Well Data Labs, describes itself as “a modern web application built to give operators the fastest and simplest way to manage, analyze, and report on their internal data.” In other words, Well Data Labs efficiently handles the messy time-series data created during operations—capturing, normalizing, structuring, and enabling analysis on that data—all within a web-based app.

With what Well Data Labs offers, engineers can make faster, more informed decisions—decisions that have a direct and immediate impact on the cost and success of the operations. The company has replaced manual front-end data collection and analysis with custom-developed machine learning (ML) models running on AWS, so that Well Data Labs’ customers can monitor field operations in real-time.

The AWS tech stack powers this solution. Churlik explained, “When we were getting started, we did a bakeoff between other cloud providers and AWS. Even though we’re a .NET stack and SQL database, AWS was significantly more performant.” So, AWS was their choice; to this day, Well Data Labs uses AWS for all their cloud needs. “What we’ve liked about AWS is we can always scale. We’ve been able to continuously build and grow,” Churlik added. “AWS was and still is ahead of its industry peers on technology services.”

Well Data Labs leverages the seamless integration between AWS services to power their robust solution. Currently, the Well Data Labs architecture includes Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) for all of their managed servers (to power their applications), Amazon S3 to store the various data artifacts without worrying about storage limitations, Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) to create a distributed system, and Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to keep its infrastructure secure. In addition to all of those core services, Well Data Labs uses Amazon SageMaker in their Machine Learning (ML) workloads.

Churlik recalls that he started a data science team to begin exploratory R&D with ML about a year ago. “We asked ourselves, ‘what is the value that it [ML] could be providing to our customers?’ And then we started experimenting.”

Now, the team uses Amazon SageMaker to deploy trained models on custom Docker containers via their proprietary SaaS application. The Amazon SageMaker models and SageMaker endpoint features enable Well Data Labs to integrate ML into the SaaS application and thereby bring frontline engineering workers real-time data for event detection and notification during operations. Well Data Labs set the precedent by bringing ML to the oil and gas market in this way.

Using AWS to build and host many of their solutions means the Well Data Labs team can focus on R&D and developing new product features, rather than on managing infrastructure. Well Data Labs data scientists can deploy new prediction models as soon as they are ready and iterate on new versions rapidly. The quick integration and deployment of ML functionality into the SaaS application in turn enables frontline users to benefit from data science advances right away. The first set of models that Well Data Labs built immediately saved their customers up to an hour a day of manual data entry.

Achieving that kind of success right out of the gates is exciting, and this is only the beginning. Well Data Labs pioneered the “digital oilfield” (where technology, data, automation, and people in the oil and gas industry all intersect), and their customers affirm that this small but mighty Denver-based company is ushering in a new era for the oil and gas industry.


About the Author

Marisa Messina is on the AWS ML marketing team, where her job includes identifying the most innovative AWS-using customers and showcasing their inspiring stories. Prior to AWS, she worked on consumer-facing hardware and then university-facing cloud offerings at Microsoft. Outside of work, she enjoys exploring the Pacific Northwest hiking trails, cooking without recipes, and dancing in the rain.