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Author: torontoai

[D] State of AI report 2019

Came across the state of AI report and didn’t see it posted here so thought it’d be interesting to have a discussion about the recently released report (second yearly one by Nathan Benaich and Ian Hogarth).

https://www.slideshare.net/StateofAIReport/state-of-ai-report-2019-151804430

What stands out for you?Did they miss anything important?

Two things stand out for me so far:

1) The 2018 prediction they made that a major AI lab would go dark actually happend (MIRI lab and OpenAI -GPT2)

2) For me a as a fps CTF lover: the the Deepmind Quake III RL is wonderful to see. In 2019 they managed to include all the powerups which was a common criticism last year. (Updated blogpost here: https://deepmind.com/blog/capture-the-flag-science/)

I’m still going through the presentation myself so if I’ll see more interesting stuff I’ll add it to this thread.

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[D] Technical job interview questions to expect for Deep Reinforcement Learning?

I’m nearing the end of my job interview process and I’m finally going to meet with the research lead soon. The role I am applying for is heavily involved with deep reinforcement learning R&D at a prestigious company. The title itself, if relevant, is ‘AI Engineer’. I feel very nervous and am wondering what kind of questions I should expect / prepare for. Do you guys have any advice on what I should read up on?

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The AWS DeepRacer League visits Hong Kong, bringing together developers of all skill levels!

The AWS DeepRacer League is the world’s first global autonomous racing league, open to anyone. Developers of all skill levels can compete in person at 22 AWS events globally, or online via the AWS DeepRacer console (no car required), for a chance to win an expenses paid trip to re:Invent 2019, where they will race to win the Championship Cup 2019.

The League visited Hong Kong this week. This was the final race in the Asia Pacific region in 2019, and it did not disappoint.

Attracting developers of all ages and skill levels

So far this season, the AWS DeepRacer League has brought together developers of all skill levels, backgrounds and ages to compete to win. More importantly they get to learn and explore machine learning. From those with a masters in artificial intelligence, to those with no prior experience in the field, the stories have been diverse and speak to how easy it is to get started with machine learning on AWS.

Hong Kong was no different. The winner was Peter Chong, another victor who came to the AWS Summit as part of a DeepRacer team. This time the team was not part of a corporation, they came as 6 students from Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (IVE). Five of them placed in the top 10 and 2 of them scored a spot on the podium with times of 8.64 seconds (1st place) and 9.43 seconds (2nd place)!

They have been preparing for the race since AWS re:Invent 2018 with the help of Cyrus Wong, a Data Scientist who is one of the professors at IVE and is an AWS ML Community Hero. Cyrus and his students have been experimenting with AWS DeepRacer and recently shared their story with the community about how they were successful in having AWS DeepRacer drive in the dark; aka Midnight DeepRacer!

The team that he has been teaching had no prior machine learning experience, and the youngest is just 15 years old! They are also learning and building their cloud skills through the AWS Academy curriculum and plan to become AWS Certified Solutions Architect Associates later this year. You can learn more about their story and their journey to win the Hong Kong summit race on the blog post recently published by Cyrus.

Peter Chong, the winner says: “I was interested in machine learning before, but it was hard to understand how it works. The DeepRacer activity helps me understand and learn machine learning. My programming skills are not strong, but the last DeepRacer champion only wrote 30 lines of code, so I thought I could write the training code, as the players don’t have to be Machine Learning experts.”

Peter and the rest of the team are really excited about winning their chance to compete the AWS DeepRacer League Championship Cup at AWS re:Invent 2019 and plan to continue developing their code in the run up to the event in December.

Tips, Tricks and the AWS DeepRacer community

There are only 4 more races on the AWS DeepRacer Summit 2019 Circuit: July 11 – New York & Cape Town, August 29 – Mexico City, and the final AWS Summit race will take place October 3 in Toronto. Don’t forget the Virtual Circuit races run 24×7 all the way though to October- it’s all online via the AWS DeepRacer console, so no physical car is required to enter. The AWS DeepRacer community is growing in size, and more tips tricks and information about community discussion and meet ups can be found on the DeepRacer racing tips page. Take a drive through the Pit Lane today and fuel up ready to compete to win that trip to Vegas!

If you’re looking for other ways to learn machine learning check out the new Learn ML website where you’ll find a collection of content including the same ML courses used to train engineers at Amazon – available for free.


About the Author

Alexandra Bush is a Senior Product Marketing Manager for AWS AI. She is passionate about how technology impacts the world around us and enjoys being able to help make it accessible to all. Out of the office she loves to run, travel and stay active in the outdoors with family and friends.

 

 

 

Announcing the YouTube-8M Segments Dataset

Over the last two years, the First and Second YouTube-8M Large-Scale Video Understanding Challenge and Workshop have collectively drawn 1000+ teams from 60+ countries to further advance large-scale video understanding research. While these events have enabled great progress in video classification, the YouTube dataset on which they were based only used machine-generated video-level labels, and lacked fine-grained temporally localized information, which limited the ability of machine learning models to predict video content.

To accelerate the research of temporal concept localization, we are excited to announce the release of YouTube-8M Segments, a new extension of the YouTube-8M dataset that includes human-verified labels at the 5-second segment level on a subset of YouTube-8M videos. With the additional temporal annotations, YouTube-8M is now both a large-scale classification dataset as well as a temporal localization dataset. In addition, we are hosting another Kaggle video understanding challenge focused on temporal localization, as well as an affiliated 3rd Workshop on YouTube-8M Large-Scale Video Understanding at the 2019 International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV’19).

YouTube-8M Segments
Video segment labels provide a valuable resource for temporal localization not possible with video-level labels, and enable novel applications, such as capturing special video moments. Instead of exhaustively labeling all segments in a video, to create the YouTube-8M Segments extension, we manually labeled 5 segments (on average) per randomly selected video on the YouTube-8M validation dataset, totalling ~237k segments covering 1000 categories.

This dataset, combined with the previous YouTube-8M release containing a very large number of machine generated video-level labels, should allow learning temporal localization models in novel ways. Evaluating such classifiers is of course very challenging if only noisy video-level labels are available. We hope that the newly added human-labeled annotations will help ensure that researchers can more accurately evaluate their algorithms.

The 3rd YouTube-8M Video Understanding Challenge
This year the YouTube-8M Video Understanding Challenge focuses on temporal localization. Participants are encouraged to leverage noisy video-level labels together with a small segment-level validation set in order to better annotate and temporally localize concepts of interest. Unlike last year, there is no model size restriction. Each of the top 10 teams will be awarded $2,500 to support their travel to Seoul to attend ICCV’19. For details, please visit the Kaggle competition page.

The 3rd Workshop on YouTube-8M Large-Scale Video Understanding
Continuing in the tradition of the previous two years, the 3rd workshop will feature four invited talks by distinguished researchers as well as presentations by top-performing challenge participants. We encourage those who wish to attend to submit papers describing their research, experiments, or applications based on the YouTube-8M dataset, including papers summarizing their participation in the challenge above. Please refer to the workshop page for more details.

It is our hope that this newest extension will serve as a unique playground for temporal localization that mimics real world scenarios. We also look forward to the new challenge and workshop, which we believe will continue to advance research in large-scale video understanding. We hope you will join us again!

Acknowledgements
This post reflects the work of many machine perception researchers including Ke Chen, Nisarg Kothari, Joonseok Lee, Hanhan Li, Paul Natsev, Joe Yue-Hei Ng, Naderi Parizi, David Ross, Cordelia Schmid, Javier Snaider, Rahul Sukthankar, George Toderici, Balakrishnan Varadarajan, Sudheendra Vijayanarasimhan, Yexin Wang, Zheng Xu, as well as Julia Elliott and Walter Reade from Kaggle. We are also grateful for the support and advice from our partners at YouTube.

[D] How confident are you of your own analysis ?

Say you want to add something to your model that you think might improve overall performance, e.g. some feature engineering or you decide to add to your training data, some new data you acquired. How do you make sure that this is actually increasing performance and that it is not just due to the randomness of the process ?

I kinda see how it goes for traditional ML with traditional IID assumption, fix a seed for anything that is random and just compare. But what about deep learning models ?

For instance, say you have your neural network tuned for some past state. Wouldn’t comparing past configuration with new configuration (with the added features or training data) on the same network be biased ? Maybe the feature engineering was relevant but because the network isn’t large enough, it is not able to process those additional features. Or maybe adding more data changed the loss surface and the learning rate/batch size tuned to the previous configuration is not well fitted to the new configuration ? Or maybe more data meant more updates per epoch (assuming the batch size is the same), so maybe we missed the optimal training state because we only look at the validation loss per epoch. So surely setting a seed for the randomness of the network training (weights initialization, shuffle after each epoch … ) is not enough.

I’ve thought of doing some sort of autoML/gridsearch to optimize on the learning rate/batch size for several seeds on the weights initialization and do some statistical significance on the results but this would take way too much time considering how many things I need to check. I feel like a statistical study on a given network (with hyperparameters fixed) for different weights initialization might not be relevant.

I’m asking this because whenever I change something on the preprocessing side (new feature, new data, different scaling …), or even weights initialization of the network, the “optimal” learning rate I find by hand tuning my network is never the same (and can differ a lot).

Any idea is welcome!

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[P] AI Benchmark: A New Standard for ML Performance Assessment of CPUs, GPUs and TPUs

AI Benchmark is an open source python library for evaluating AI performance of various hardware platforms, including CPUs, GPUs and TPUs. The benchmark is relying on TensorFlow machine learning library, and is providing a lightweight solution for assessing inference and training speed for key Deep Learning models, including:

  1. MobileNet-V2
  2. Inception-V3
  3. Inception-V4
  4. Inception-ResNet-V2
  5. ResNet-V2-50
  6. ResNet-V2-152
  7. VGG-16
  8. SRCNN 9-5-5
  9. VGG-19
  10. ResNet-SRGAN
  11. ResNet-DPED
  12. U-Net
  13. Nvidia-SPADE
  14. ICNet
  15. PSPNet
  16. DeepLab
  17. Pixel-RNN
  18. LSTM
  19. GNMT

It is currently distributed as a Python pip package, installation instructions can be found at http://ai-benchmark.com/alpha.html and https://pypi.org/project/ai-benchmark/

Note: Fast installation [if TensorFlow is already installed]:

  1. pip install ai-benchmark
  2. Run benchmark using the following python code:
    1. from ai_benchmark import AIBenchmark
    2. results = AIBenchmark().run()

A detailed information about test setups: http://ai-benchmark.com/ranking_cpus_and_gpus_detailed.html

A short preliminary ranking is available here: http://ai-benchmark.com/ranking_cpus_and_gpus.html

A global ranking with the results of various hardware and software platforms, drivers / configs and TF builds should be available soon. Original post: http://ai-benchmark.com/alpha.html

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