Skip to main content

Blog

Learn About Our Meetup

5000+ Members

MEETUPS

LEARN, CONNECT, SHARE

Join our meetup, learn, connect, share, and get to know your Toronto AI community. 

JOB POSTINGS

INDEED POSTINGS

Browse through the latest deep learning, ai, machine learning postings from Indeed for the GTA.

CONTACT

CONNECT WITH US

Are you looking to sponsor space, be a speaker, or volunteer, feel free to give us a shout.

Author: torontoai

[D] If convolution kernels encode a strong prior on spatial locality, what prior do transposed convolutions encode?

Convolution layers are understood to encode an infinitely strong prior on spatial locality. (Ian Goodfellow’s Deep Learning book, summary here https://medium.com/inveterate-learner/deep-learning-book-chapter-9-convolutional-networks-45e43bfc718d). From my understanding, this means that conv kernels are good at capturing regional patterns (e.g. a point here, a stroke there, etc).

Do strided transpose convolutions encode a prior of some kind as well? (an uneducated guess from my end – a preference for texture and pattern at a larger scale?)

submitted by /u/toadsofbattle
[link] [comments]

[P] Semantic Sanity: an arXiv Sanity based research recommender

Based on the very handy arXiv Sanity Preserver tool, this incarnation from the Semantic Scholar team (at the allenai.org non-profit) has a few notable features to call out:

  • Instantly updated recommendations, as you annotate papers you can refresh and immediately see updated recommendations from the model
  • Currently covers all of arXiv CS + stat.ML
  • You can create multiple, independent feeds to track different topics/areas

You can try Semantic Sanity out today at: s2-sanity.apps.allenai.org/ and let us know what you think!

submitted by /u/Shooriki
[link] [comments]

Quantib’s Quest: Startup Assists Radiologists in Detecting Dementia

Dementia diagnosis starts with uncertainty — patients or their family members make an appointment after noticing symptoms that suggest something’s wrong.

It may take months or years to reach a final diagnosis, as doctors must observe how a patient’s condition progresses over time.

Radiologists don’t typically have serial quantitative brain data — calculated measurements of a patient’s brain structures taken at different times — on hand during this process. They rely instead on visual assessments of the scans, rating a patient’s brain atrophy levels on a four or five-point scale.

Experts rely on these qualitative scores because even when serial scans are available, it would radiologists inordinately long to quantify the data, as they have to calculate brain structure volumes by hand.

“It’d just be too expensive to let radiologists do that,” said Jorrit Glastra, chief technology officer of Quantib, a Netherlands-based startup using deep learning to tackle this problem.

AI can accelerate the analysis of brain MRI data, taking just a few minutes to generate a report of structure volumes for radiologists and neurologists, who work together to study a patient’s scans and cognitive test results. Looking at the hard numbers can help experts more easily measure the change in a patient’s brain over time, shortening the time to diagnosis.

“The longer disease diagnosis is delayed, the more care a patient will need and the higher the costs,” Glastra said. “It’s very valuable to diagnose cases early.”

A member of the NVIDIA Inception program, Quantib trains its deep learning algorithms on NVIDIA V100 and K80 GPUs. Its deep learning software, Quantib ND, is FDA cleared in the United States and CE marked in Europe.

The company’s technology is installed in around 20 countries across Europe, North America and Asia.

AI’ll Do the Math

Dementia affects 50 million people worldwide — a figure expected to grow in coming years as life expectancy rises. Artificial intelligence tools like Quantib ND can help radiologists monitor disease progress in patients and diagnose new cases earlier.

Quantib ND quantifies brain atrophy by segmenting brain structures and white matter hyperintensities, which signify the level of disease-induced damage in the brain.

Radiologists can also use the tool to compare a patient’s brain tissue volumes to a reference library of MRI scans. This database makes it easier to determine whether a patient’s brain is showing normal aging or not.

Based on a dataset of 5,000 brain scans, Quantib ND’s AI can differentiate between brain atrophy patterns indicative of Alzheimer’s disease and ones associated with other kinds of dementia. The tool can also be used to compare an individual patient’s scans over time to determine how a disease is progressing.

Beyond the Brain

Quantib is also building deep learning solutions for oncologists detecting prostate cancer and breast cancer. Its AI algorithm for prostate cancer, currently in development, can segment, classify and predict the state of suspicious lesions from MRI scans. Doctors can then use these insights to determine which lesions to target with a biopsy.

The company’s breast cancer screening AI analyzes MRI scans for women with high breast density — an independent risk factor for developing breast cancer. Radiologists and oncologists use these scans to determine if a patient will require a biopsy.

Glastra said for both breast and prostate cancer screening, the AI must analyze a set of multiple images from different time points. The complexity of the deep learning task demands powerful computation tools for inference.

“For breast cancer screening, the data volume going into that set of scans is unbelievable. It’s several orders of magnitude higher than the brain,” he said. “Running inference on the types of models that can handle those inputs can only be done with GPU support.”

Quantib benchmarked the performance of its prostate cancer AI using the 70-watt NVIDIA T4 GPUs for inference — and found the algorithms run 24x faster compared to using a CPU cluster with the same power usage.

“For on-premises inference,” Glastra said, “the low-power footprint of the T4 makes it a very attractive option.”

The post Quantib’s Quest: Startup Assists Radiologists in Detecting Dementia appeared first on The Official NVIDIA Blog.

[P] CNN Inference Library in C, Written for Readability

Hello everyone, my team and I have been working on a project about CNN inference acceleration on FPGA and during this process I ended up writing a mini Convolutional Neural Network inference library in C so that we have everything laid out. I think it could help anyone wanting to learn how CNN inference works on a “low” level. My primary goal in writing this library was clarity and readability and I have inserted lots of comments to guide the reader. Any feedback would be much appreciated, here is a link to the repository:

CNN-Inference-Didactic

submitted by /u/cnylnz
[link] [comments]

[D] CVPR Observations (maybe good for science, definitely bad for the planet)

Just came back from CVPR and wanted to offer some personal observations.

TLDR humangous conferences pack lots of science, but it feels overwhelming and may affect how science is ‘shared’. For sure it affects the planet.

The good : * overall a smooth organization without major hickups * lots of nice and interesting papers * excellent presence of work across the globe but China had an impressive showing * lots of industry presence * expo full of companies ready to hire the best * large venue that managed to accommodate the almost 9000 people that didn’t feel that we were that many * good catering considering the size * hundreds of people worked behind the scenes to make it happen (catering, waiters, cleaners, security) and I am so happy to see people have work and take care of us

The bad : * too many people made it harder to bump into people and network. The super sized venue spread across didn’t help either. Time from one to the other could easily take 5 minutes. * posters the first day it was impossible due to crowding. The second day and after became much better but still impossible to go through all 200 posters per session. * 5 min per oral was an interesting concept but it has some problems. It keeps every one on time via the video delivery but it makes for a dry non interactive delivery. The short time also tweet-sizes research. You get to focus on how amazing are the slides rather than the science. It was evident that those that broke down the message to the simplest possible and made a good presentation about it gave the best presentations. Some presentations appeared professionally made by a company. Some rethinking of conference format is necessary. * questions after orals are obsolete. Remove them completely. * I found the herding by local security / catering people annoying. We were being herded always and everywhere. Too many rules… * THE WORST : the carbon footprint. I am not talking about travel. I am talking about the amount of plastic and trash produced. By a small calculation I expect more than 100000 paper cups and plastic lids. Every lunch was in a plastic box and plastic spoon: about 50000 plus were used. Hundreds of thousands of plastic cups were used for water and drinks. Come on… Seriously. Have someone sponsor a reusable mug and hand it out. People can bring it back as souvenir. There are nice ones made by bamboo. (By the way it is possible that we can recycle some of the plastic but you all know that we are past beyond that now in the planet.) As conference sizes sky rocket we must work together to help reduce impact to the planet.

If any of you went there or not, please share your thoughts.

submitted by /u/da_g_prof
[link] [comments]

[D] Self-supervised learning vs denoising autoencoder

How different is Self-supervised learning to Denoising Autoencoder? Is it like 2019 rebrand?

  • Both need cleverly hand-engineered noise as input. This is the meta-label.
  • Labels are free, because labels are the original inputs themselves.
  • Unsupervised-as-supervised learning
    • Remove, change part of inputs (colors, rotation, pixels, words), then predict what is missing, what is original.
  • Learnt embeddings become free feature extractor.

How about minimax game to noise and denoise? Can we do something with training frameworks like Actor-Critic, GAN, and PowerPlay ?

submitted by /u/tsauri
[link] [comments]

[D] Is self-supervised learning is really just denoising autoencoder?

Denoising autoencoder 2019.

Noise the inputs and put original input as labels.

Noise is unfortunately must be cleverly highly hand-engineered.

Like crop image uncrop image, remove color channels predict colors, remove positions predict positions, rotate image reorient image, remove last word predict last word. Then take the learnt weights as feature extractor.

Now we wait for something like GANs for denoising, where generator make new denoising tasks, and discriminator must solve the new tasks

submitted by /u/tsauri
[link] [comments]